360-Degree Video Bandwidth Reduction: Technique and Approaches Comprehensive Review

Recently, the usage of 360-degree videos has prevailed in various sectors such as education, real estate, medical, entertainment and more. The development Virtual World “Metaverse” demanded a Reality (VR) environment with high immersion smooth user experience. However, challenges are faced to provide real-time streaming due nature high-resolution bandwidth requirement, computing power low delay tolerance. To overcome these challenges, methods Dynamic Adaptive Streaming over HTTP (DASH), Tiling, Viewport-Adaptive Machine Learning (ML) discussed. Moreover, superiorities 5G 6G networks, Mobile Edge Computing (MEC) Caching Information-Centric Network (ICN) approaches optimize video elaborated. All strike improve Quality Experience (QoE) Service (QoS) VR services. Next, QoE modeling existing objective subjective assessment presented. Lastly, potential future research that utilizes further improves substantially is With efforts studies industries gradual network recent years, deep fake virtual world, conducive for daily life working, learning socializing around corner.